install-nextflow

Install or Upgrade Nextflow

Install Nextflow (or upgrade an existing installation) and ensure the Java prerequisite is in place.

Step 1: Check Whether Nextflow Is Installed

command -v nextflow && nextflow -version

• If installed, parse the version from the output and proceed to Step 2.
• If not installed, skip to Step 3.

Step 2: Check for Upgrades (Existing Install)

If Nextflow is already installed:

1. Read the installed version from nextflow -version.
2. If the installed version is older than 26.04, the user MUST upgrade — other Nextflow skills depend on it.
3. Otherwise, propose an upgrade only if a newer version is available.

Run a self-update (it checks the latest release and updates if newer):

nextflow self-update

Confirm with the user before running it. After the update, re-run nextflow -version to verify.

If the install is already up to date, stop here.

Step 3: Verify Java 17+ (Required for Installing Nextflow)

Nextflow requires Java 17 or later. Check the installed Java version:

java -version

Note: java -version writes to stderr, not stdout. Capture both streams when parsing:

java -version 2>&1 | head -1

• If Java 17+ is present, proceed to Step 4.
• If Java is missing or older than 17, install Java 21 using SDKMAN (Step 3a).

Step 3a: Install Java 21 via SDKMAN

First, check whether SDKMAN is installed:

[ -s "$HOME/.sdkman/bin/sdkman-init.sh" ] && echo "SDKMAN present" || echo "SDKMAN missing"

If SDKMAN is missing, install it:

curl -s "https://get.sdkman.io" | bash

Then load SDKMAN into the current shell session and install Java 21:

source "$HOME/.sdkman/bin/sdkman-init.sh"
sdk install java 21-tem

After installation, verify:

java -version

Step 4: Install Nextflow

Prefer curl; fall back to wget if curl is unavailable.

Detect which downloader is available:

command -v curl >/dev/null && echo "curl" || (command -v wget >/dev/null && echo "wget" || echo "none")

Using curl:

curl -fsSL https://get.nextflow.io | bash

Using wget (if curl is missing):

wget -qO- https://get.nextflow.io | bash

If neither curl nor wget is available, stop and ask the user to install one of them.

The installer drops a nextflow launcher in the current directory. Move it onto the user's PATH (confirm the destination with the user first):

chmod +x nextflow
mv nextflow ~/.local/bin/

Common alternatives are /usr/local/bin/ (may need sudo) or any directory already on PATH (echo $PATH).

Step 5: Verify the Installation

nextflow -version

Confirm the reported version is 26.04 or later. Present the version to the user.

Nextflow Versioning

Calendar versioning

Stable Nextflow releases use calendar versioning in the form YY.MM.PATCH:

• 25.10.1 — patch 1 of the October 2025 release
• 26.04.0 — first release of April 2026

Compare versions as calendar dates, not semver — 26.04.0 is newer than 25.10.1.

Edge releases

Edge (preview) releases append the -edge suffix, e.g. 26.05.0-edge. They include unreleased features and are not recommended for production.

Switch the active channel via the NXF_EDGE environment variable:

export NXF_EDGE=1   # use edge releases
export NXF_EDGE=0   # back to stable releases (default)

This affects which release nextflow self-update and the launcher resolve to.

Pinning a specific version

Pin any version (stable or edge) with NXF_VER. The launcher will download and use that exact version on the next run:

export NXF_VER=25.10.1        # pin a stable release
export NXF_VER=26.05.0-edge   # pin an edge release

Unset NXF_VER (unset NXF_VER) to return to the latest version of the active channel.

When the user asks to install or run a specific version, set NXF_VER rather than reinstalling.

Critical Rules

1. CHECK FIRST — always run nextflow -version before deciding to install or upgrade.
2. REQUIRE 26.04+ — other Nextflow skills depend on nextflow module, nextflow auth, and nextflow launch, which require this version.
3. VERIFY JAVA 17+ before installing Nextflow — install Java 21 via SDKMAN if missing or too old.
4. CONFIRM destructive actions — ask the user before running nextflow self-update, installing SDKMAN, or moving the nextflow launcher to a system directory.
5. PREFER curl, FALL BACK to wget — if neither is available, stop and ask the user to install one.
6. REMEMBER stderr — java -version writes to stderr; redirect with 2>&1 when parsing.
7. VERIFY at the end — always run nextflow -version after install/upgrade to confirm the result.
8. USE NXF_VER for pinning — when the user asks for a specific Nextflow version, set NXF_VER instead of reinstalling.
9. TREAT versions as calendar dates — Nextflow uses YY.MM.PATCH, not semver, so 26.04.0 is newer than 25.10.1.