azure-eventgrid-py

Azure Event Grid SDK for Python

Event routing service for building event-driven applications with pub/sub semantics.

Installation

pip install azure-eventgrid azure-identity

Environment Variables

EVENTGRID_TOPIC_ENDPOINT=https://<topic-name>.<region>.eventgrid.azure.net/api/events
EVENTGRID_NAMESPACE_ENDPOINT=https://<namespace>.<region>.eventgrid.azure.net

Authentication

from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential
from azure.eventgrid import EventGridPublisherClient

credential = DefaultAzureCredential()
endpoint = "https://<topic-name>.<region>.eventgrid.azure.net/api/events"

client = EventGridPublisherClient(endpoint, credential)

Event Types

Format	Class	Use Case
Cloud Events 1.0	CloudEvent	Standard, interoperable (recommended)
Event Grid Schema	EventGridEvent	Azure-native format

Publish CloudEvents

from azure.eventgrid import EventGridPublisherClient, CloudEvent
from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential

client = EventGridPublisherClient(endpoint, DefaultAzureCredential())

# Single event
event = CloudEvent(
    type="MyApp.Events.OrderCreated",
    source="/myapp/orders",
    data={"order_id": "12345", "amount": 99.99}
)
client.send(event)

# Multiple events
events = [
    CloudEvent(
        type="MyApp.Events.OrderCreated",
        source="/myapp/orders",
        data={"order_id": f"order-{i}"}
    )
    for i in range(10)
]
client.send(events)

Publish EventGridEvents

from azure.eventgrid import EventGridEvent
from datetime import datetime, timezone

event = EventGridEvent(
    subject="/myapp/orders/12345",
    event_type="MyApp.Events.OrderCreated",
    data={"order_id": "12345", "amount": 99.99},
    data_version="1.0"
)

client.send(event)

Event Properties

CloudEvent Properties

event = CloudEvent(
    type="MyApp.Events.ItemCreated",      # Required: event type
    source="/myapp/items",                 # Required: event source
    data={"key": "value"},                 # Event payload
    subject="items/123",                   # Optional: subject/path
    datacontenttype="application/json",   # Optional: content type
    dataschema="https://schema.example",  # Optional: schema URL
    time=datetime.now(timezone.utc),      # Optional: timestamp
    extensions={"custom": "value"}         # Optional: custom attributes
)

EventGridEvent Properties

event = EventGridEvent(
    subject="/myapp/items/123",            # Required: subject
    event_type="MyApp.ItemCreated",        # Required: event type
    data={"key": "value"},                 # Required: event payload
    data_version="1.0",                    # Required: schema version
    topic="/subscriptions/.../topics/...", # Optional: auto-set
    event_time=datetime.now(timezone.utc)  # Optional: timestamp
)

Async Client

from azure.eventgrid.aio import EventGridPublisherClient
from azure.identity.aio import DefaultAzureCredential

async def publish_events():
    credential = DefaultAzureCredential()
    
    async with EventGridPublisherClient(endpoint, credential) as client:
        event = CloudEvent(
            type="MyApp.Events.Test",
            source="/myapp",
            data={"message": "hello"}
        )
        await client.send(event)

import asyncio
asyncio.run(publish_events())

Namespace Topics (Event Grid Namespaces)

For Event Grid Namespaces (pull delivery):

from azure.eventgrid.aio import EventGridPublisherClient

# Namespace endpoint (different from custom topic)
namespace_endpoint = "https://<namespace>.<region>.eventgrid.azure.net"
topic_name = "my-topic"

async with EventGridPublisherClient(
    endpoint=namespace_endpoint,
    credential=DefaultAzureCredential()
) as client:
    await client.send(
        event,
        namespace_topic=topic_name
    )

Best Practices

1. Use CloudEvents for new applications (industry standard)
2. Batch events when publishing multiple events
3. Include meaningful subjects for filtering
4. Use async client for high-throughput scenarios
5. Handle retries — Event Grid has built-in retry
6. Set appropriate event types for routing and filtering