supabase-deploy-integration

Supabase Deploy Integration

Overview

Deploy and manage Supabase projects in production with confidence. This skill covers the full deployment lifecycle: pushing database migrations, deploying Edge Functions, managing secrets, executing zero-downtime rollouts with blue/green database branching, rolling back failed migrations, and verifying deployment health. All commands use the Supabase CLI with --project-ref for explicit project targeting.

SDK: @supabase/supabase-js — supabase.com/docs

Prerequisites

• Supabase CLI installed (npm install -g supabase or npx supabase)
• Supabase project linked (npx supabase link --project-ref <your-ref>)
• Database migrations in supabase/migrations/ directory
• Edge Functions in supabase/functions/ directory (if deploying functions)
• SUPABASE_ACCESS_TOKEN set for CI/non-interactive environments

Instructions

Step 1 — Push Database Migrations and Deploy Edge Functions

Apply pending database migrations to your production project, then deploy Edge Functions with their required secrets.

Database migrations:

# Apply all pending migrations to production
npx supabase db push --project-ref $PROJECT_REF

# Preview what will run without applying (dry run)
npx supabase db push --project-ref $PROJECT_REF --dry-run

# Check current migration status
npx supabase migration list --project-ref $PROJECT_REF

Each migration file in supabase/migrations/ is applied in timestamp order. The CLI tracks which migrations have already been applied and only runs new ones.

Edge Functions deployment:

# Deploy a single Edge Function
npx supabase functions deploy process-webhook --project-ref $PROJECT_REF

# Deploy all Edge Functions at once
npx supabase functions deploy --project-ref $PROJECT_REF

Secrets management — set environment variables for Edge Functions:

# Set individual secrets
npx supabase secrets set STRIPE_KEY=sk_live_xxx --project-ref $PROJECT_REF
npx supabase secrets set WEBHOOK_SECRET=whsec_xxx --project-ref $PROJECT_REF

# Set multiple secrets at once
npx supabase secrets set API_KEY=value1 SIGNING_KEY=value2 --project-ref $PROJECT_REF

# List current secrets (names only, values hidden)
npx supabase secrets list --project-ref $PROJECT_REF

# Remove a secret
npx supabase secrets unset OLD_KEY --project-ref $PROJECT_REF

Step 2 — Zero-Downtime Deployments and Blue/Green Branching

Use Supabase database branching to test migrations against a production-like environment before cutting over.

Blue/green deployment via database branching:

# Create a preview branch (clones schema, not data)
npx supabase branches create staging-v2 --project-ref $PROJECT_REF

# The branch gets its own connection string and API URL
# Test your migrations against the branch first
npx supabase db push --project-ref $BRANCH_REF

# Verify the branch works with your application
# Point a staging instance at the branch's connection string

# When satisfied, merge branch changes into production
# Apply the same migrations to the main project
npx supabase db push --project-ref $PROJECT_REF

# Delete the branch after successful cutover
npx supabase branches delete staging-v2 --project-ref $PROJECT_REF

Rolling deployment pattern for zero downtime:

1. Deploy backward-compatible migration first (additive schema changes only)
2. Deploy application code that works with both old and new schema
3. Run data backfill if needed
4. Deploy cleanup migration (drop old columns/tables) after all instances updated

-- Migration 1: Add new column (backward compatible)
ALTER TABLE orders ADD COLUMN status_v2 text;

-- Migration 2: Backfill (run separately, can be done in batches)
UPDATE orders SET status_v2 = status WHERE status_v2 IS NULL;

-- Migration 3: Cleanup (only after all app instances use status_v2)
ALTER TABLE orders DROP COLUMN status;
ALTER TABLE orders RENAME COLUMN status_v2 TO status;

Step 3 — Rollback, Health Checks, and Monitoring

When a migration fails or causes issues, roll it back. Then verify deployment health.

Rollback a failed migration:

# Mark a specific migration as reverted (removes it from the applied list)
npx supabase migration repair --status reverted <migration_version> --project-ref $PROJECT_REF

# Example: revert migration 20260322120000
npx supabase migration repair --status reverted 20260322120000 --project-ref $PROJECT_REF

# After marking as reverted, manually undo the schema changes
# Write a new "down" migration to reverse the changes
npx supabase migration new rollback_order_status

-- supabase/migrations/<timestamp>_rollback_order_status.sql
-- Reverse the changes from the failed migration
ALTER TABLE orders DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS status_v2;

# Push the rollback migration
npx supabase db push --project-ref $PROJECT_REF

Post-deploy health check:

import { createClient } from '@supabase/supabase-js'

async function healthCheck() {
  const supabase = createClient(
    process.env.SUPABASE_URL!,
    process.env.SUPABASE_ANON_KEY!
  )

  const checks = {
    database: false,
    auth: false,
    storage: false,
    functions: false,
  }

  // Database connectivity
  const dbStart = Date.now()
  const { error: dbErr } = await supabase.from('_health').select('count').limit(1)
  checks.database = !dbErr || dbErr.code === 'PGRST116' // table not found is OK
  const dbLatency = Date.now() - dbStart

  // Auth service
  const { error: authErr } = await supabase.auth.getSession()
  checks.auth = !authErr

  // Storage service
  const { error: storageErr } = await supabase.storage.listBuckets()
  checks.storage = !storageErr

  // Edge Function ping (replace with your function name)
  try {
    const { error: fnErr } = await supabase.functions.invoke('health-ping')
    checks.functions = !fnErr
  } catch {
    checks.functions = false
  }

  const allHealthy = Object.values(checks).every(Boolean)

  console.log({
    status: allHealthy ? 'healthy' : 'degraded',
    checks,
    db_latency_ms: dbLatency,
    timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
  })

  return allHealthy
}

Monitoring via Supabase Dashboard:

• Navigate to Dashboard > Reports for database performance metrics
• Check Dashboard > Logs > Postgres for slow queries and errors
• Review Dashboard > Logs > Edge Functions for function invocation logs
• Set up Dashboard > Database > Webhooks for change notifications
• Monitor Dashboard > Settings > Infrastructure for resource utilization

Output

After completing these steps, you will have:

• All pending database migrations applied to production via supabase db push
• Edge Functions deployed to Supabase's global edge network
• Secrets configured for Edge Functions without exposing values in code
• A zero-downtime deployment strategy using database branching or rolling migrations
• Rollback capability for any failed migration via migration repair --status reverted
• Health check endpoint verifying database, auth, storage, and function connectivity
• Monitoring configured through the Supabase Dashboard Reports

Error Handling

Error	Cause	Solution
migration already applied	Re-running a migration that succeeded	Check npx supabase migration list — skip if already applied
permission denied for schema	Migration modifies a protected schema	Use ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES or run via dashboard SQL editor
functions deploy: not linked	Project not linked locally	Run npx supabase link --project-ref $PROJECT_REF first
secret already exists	Setting a secret that exists	supabase secrets set overwrites by default — this is safe
branch limit reached	Too many active branches	Delete unused branches with supabase branches delete
migration repair has no effect	Wrong version number	Run supabase migration list to find the exact version string
connection refused on db push	IP not allowlisted	Add your IP in Dashboard > Settings > Database > Network Bans
Edge Function 500 after deploy	Missing secret or import error	Check supabase functions logs <name> for stack trace

Examples

CI/CD pipeline — GitHub Actions:

# .github/workflows/deploy.yml
name: Deploy to Supabase
on:
  push:
    branches: [main]

jobs:
  deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: supabase/setup-cli@v1
        with:
          version: latest

      - name: Link project
        run: npx supabase link --project-ref ${{ secrets.SUPABASE_PROJECT_REF }}
        env:
          SUPABASE_ACCESS_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.SUPABASE_ACCESS_TOKEN }}

      - name: Push migrations
        run: npx supabase db push --project-ref ${{ secrets.SUPABASE_PROJECT_REF }}
        env:
          SUPABASE_ACCESS_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.SUPABASE_ACCESS_TOKEN }}

      - name: Deploy Edge Functions
        run: npx supabase functions deploy --project-ref ${{ secrets.SUPABASE_PROJECT_REF }}
        env:
          SUPABASE_ACCESS_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.SUPABASE_ACCESS_TOKEN }}

Quick rollback script:

#!/bin/bash
# rollback.sh — Revert the last migration
set -euo pipefail

REF="${1:?Usage: rollback.sh <project-ref>}"
LAST=$(npx supabase migration list --project-ref "$REF" 2>/dev/null | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}')

echo "Reverting migration: $LAST"
npx supabase migration repair --status reverted "$LAST" --project-ref "$REF"
echo "Migration $LAST marked as reverted. Write and push a compensating migration next."

Resources

• Database Migrations Guide
• Edge Functions Deployment
• Supabase CLI Reference
• Database Branching
• Secrets Management
• Supabase Dashboard Reports

Next Steps

• For schema design from requirements, see supabase-schema-from-requirements
• For RLS policy configuration, see supabase-policy-guardrails
• For webhook and event handling, see supabase-webhooks-events
• For production readiness checklist, see supabase-prod-checklist
• For multi-environment setup, see supabase-multi-env-setup