generating-julia-package

Creating a Julia Package

Project Environment

If you want to create a simple script that depends on external libraries, you should create a "project environment". This means making a Project.toml file like the one below.

[deps]
"<Installed Package 1>" = "<UUID for Installed Package 1>"
"<Installed Package 2>" = "<UUID for Installed Package 2>"
"<Installed Package 3>" = "<UUID for Installed Package 3>"

To install an external library (for example, TargetPackage), run the following in your terminal:

julia --project -e 'using Pkg; Pkg.add("TargetPackage")'

Package Directory

If you want to create a reusable package or a larger scale script, you should create a "package directory".

Choosing the layout

Default: in-place layout. Create ./Project.toml and ./src/MyPkg.jl directly in the current working directory, with no subdirectory named after the package. Use this whenever the user asks to "create a package MyPkg" without further qualification.

Opt-in: subdirectory layout. Only use this when the user explicitly asks for a subdirectory — for example "create the package under a new directory", "サブディレクトリを作って", "MyPkg/ 配下に作って", or when the user is bootstrapping multiple packages side by side under a single workspace and a subdirectory is necessary to disambiguate them.

Do NOT use Pkg.generate("MyPkg") for the in-place layout — it always creates a subdirectory. The in-place layout is the default and must be produced by hand-writing the files (see the steps below).

In-place layout (default, no subdirectory)

To create Project.toml and src/MyPkg.jl directly in the current working directory:

1. Generate a UUID for the uuid field of Project.toml:

   $ julia -E 'using UUIDs; string(uuid4())'
   "43d6671a-6eab-408d-9ef9-8f584d9146fb" # Example output.
   

2. Write ./Project.toml with the package name and the UUID from step 1:

   name = "MyPkg"
   uuid = "43d6671a-6eab-408d-9ef9-8f584d9146fb"
   authors = ["Your Name <[email protected]>"]
   version = "0.1.0"
   

3. Write ./src/MyPkg.jl with the module skeleton:

   module MyPkg
   
   greet() = "Hello"
   
   end # module MyPkg
   

4. Verify by loading the package from the current directory:

   $ julia --project=. -e 'using MyPkg; println(MyPkg.greet())'
   

Subdirectory layout (opt-in only)

Only use this when the user explicitly asks for it. To create a package named MyPkg under a new subdirectory, run:

$ julia -e 'using Pkg; Pkg.generate("MyPkg")'

This will create:

$ tree
.
└── MyPkg
    ├── Project.toml
    └── src
        └── MyPkg.jl

3 directories, 2 files