kaizen

Kaizen (改善) — Codebase Continuous Improvement

Smallest changes compounding into significant quality. Every file you touch leaves better than found.

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Input Modes

/kaizen

Run all seven dimensions across the codebase. Full improvement map.

/kaizen "focus description"

All dimensions, weighted and prioritized through user's lens.

Examples:

• /kaizen "file sizes — nothing should exceed 500 LOC"
• /kaizen "naming consistency across the API layer"
• /kaizen "dead code and unused imports"
• /kaizen "error handling patterns"

When focused:

1. Still scan all seven dimensions (critical issues may lie outside focus)
2. Lead the report with focus-specific findings
3. Mark non-focus findings as [ALSO NOTED] — keep brief
4. Issues matching focus are severity-promoted one level

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The Three Wastes (三大ムダ)

Every finding maps to one. Classification taxonomy.

Muda (無駄) — Waste

Code consuming effort without adding value.

Type	Code manifestation
Defects	Bugs, broken tests, swallowed errors
Overproduction	Dead code, unused exports, premature abstractions
Waiting	Slow builds, blocking I/O without async
Transportation	Unnecessary data transformations, excessive layer mapping
Inventory	Stale TODOs (>6mo), commented-out code, stale branches
Motion	Excessive indirection, 5+ layer call chains for simple ops
Over-processing	Over-engineered abstractions, config for hypothetical flexibility

Mura (斑) — Unevenness

Inconsistency forcing context-switching and guessing.

Signal	Example
Naming	getUserData() vs fetchUserInfo() vs loadUserProfile() for same pattern
Mixed paradigms	Callbacks + promises + async/await in same codebase
Structure	Different folder layouts across features
Error handling	Some throw, some return null, some use Result types
Test style	Mixed assertion libs, inconsistent AAA

Muri (無理) — Overburden

Code units carrying too much.

Signal	Default threshold
God files	> 400 LOC
God functions	> 40 LOC or cyclomatic complexity > 10
Too many params	> 5 parameters
God modules	> 15 exports/public methods
Coupling	Imported by > 60% of codebase
Deep nesting	> 3 levels

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Seven Dimensions — Execute in Order

Shared Output Format

Findings in D2–D4:

[MUDA|MURA|MURI] [subtype]
📍 [file:line or pattern]
Finding: [one sentence]
Kaizen: [specific small change]
Effort: [trivial | small | medium]

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D1 — Gemba Walk (現場): See the Actual State

Observe the real state, not the idealized version.

1. Map directory structure (2 levels deep)
2. Count files by type, measure LOC distribution
3. Identify largest files, deepest nesting, most-imported modules
4. Read existing context files (README, ARCHITECTURE.md, .ctx, CLAUDE.md)
5. Note language, framework, build system

GEMBA SNAPSHOT
Languages:      [detected]
Framework:      [detected]
Total files:    [N] | Total LOC: [N]
Largest file:   [path] ([N] lines)
Deepest nest:   [path] ([N] levels)
Most imported:  [module] (by [N] files)
Test coverage:  [detected or unknown]
Context files:  [list found]

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D2 — Muda Scan: Waste

Scan each waste type. Prioritize:

1. Dead code (unused functions, unreachable branches, orphan exports)
2. Over-engineering (single-impl abstractions, one-setting config systems)
3. Stale artifacts (undated TODOs, deprecated code, outdated comments)
4. Redundancy (duplicated logic, copy-paste, overlapping utilities)
5. Unnecessary complexity (fewer lines without losing clarity)

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D3 — Mura Scan: Unevenness

For each inconsistency, identify the dominant pattern (most common variant) — standardize on it.

Additional fields:

Variants found: [list observed]
Dominant pattern: [most common — standardize on this]

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D4 — Muri Scan: Overburden

Scan against Muri thresholds. Honor user-specified thresholds. Adjust upward where longer files are conventional (Java).

Additional fields:

Metric: [what] = [measured] (threshold: [N])
Impact: [why this hurts — "hard to test", "merge conflict magnet"]

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D5 — 5S Audit (整理・整頓・清掃・清潔・躾)

5S	Code equivalent	Check
Sort (整理)	Remove unneeded	Dead files, unused deps, orphaned configs
Set in Order (整頓)	Everything in its place	Correct directories, logical boundaries, organized imports
Shine (清掃)	Clean regularly	Lint errors, formatting, stale comments, debug artifacts
Standardize (清潔)	Consistent practices	Documented patterns, enforced conventions
Sustain (躾)	Maintain discipline	CI checks, pre-commit hooks, quality gates

Score each 🟢 Good | 🟡 Partial | 🔴 Needs work with one-line evidence.

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D6 — Improvement Backlog (改善バックログ)

Primary deliverable. Synthesize D2–D5, prioritized:

• Impact (1–3): waste/unevenness/overburden removed
• Effort (1=trivial, 2=small, 3=medium): time
• Risk (1=safe, 2=needs tests, 3=risky): can it break
• Score: Impact / (Effort × Risk) — higher better

改善 IMPROVEMENT BACKLOG
#  Type  Score  Effort   Description                    Location
1  MUDA  3.0    trivial  Remove 12 unused imports        src/utils/*.ts
2  MURI  1.5    small    Extract validation from handler  src/api/orders.ts:45-120
3  MURA  1.5    small    Standardize error returns        src/services/*
...

Cap at 15 items. If more, note "N additional — run /kaizen with a focus to drill in."

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D7 — PDCA Compass

PLAN:  [Top 3 improvements to tackle first and why]
DO:    [Concrete next steps — "In your next PR, ..."]
CHECK: [How to verify improvements landed]
ACT:   [Systemic prevention — linter rules, CI, conventions to document]

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Report Assembly

1. Header: Codebase, focus (or "Full scan"), date
2. Gemba Snapshot (D1)
3. 5S Scorecard (D5)
4. Improvement Backlog (D6) — hero section
5. Detailed Findings: Muda (D2), Mura (D3), Muri (D4)
6. PDCA Compass (D7)

Close with: "改善の精神: 今日の最善は、明日の出発点。"

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Calibration Rules

1. Single-PR scope: every suggestion achievable in one PR. Multi-day refactors need decomposition or "requires planning" flag.
2. Respect existing decisions: don't contradict ADRs/conventions. Note tensions instead.
3. Evidence over opinion: every finding cites file/line/pattern. No vague "could be cleaner."
4. Compound priority: prefer changes improving many files over isolated fixes.
5. Don't manufacture findings: if priority is one thing, say so. Honest beats padded.
6. Focus discipline: focus findings lead. Non-focus is brief bonus context.
7. Threshold flexibility: state thresholds used. Honor user-specified. Adjust for language conventions.