web-server-state-react-query

React Query + hey-api Patterns

Quick Guide: Generate type-safe React Query hooks from OpenAPI specs using hey-api. Never write custom query hooks or manual type definitions -- use generated query options (getFeaturesOptions() pattern) and generated types. Configure the client once via environment variables. All timeouts/retries use named constants.

---

<critical_requirements>

CRITICAL: Before Using This Skill

All code must follow project conventions in CLAUDE.md (kebab-case, named exports, import ordering, import type, named constants)

(You MUST use generated query options from hey-api -- NEVER write custom React Query hooks)

(You MUST regenerate client code when OpenAPI schema changes)

(You MUST use named constants for ALL timeout/retry values -- NO magic numbers)

(You MUST configure API client base URL via environment variables)

</critical_requirements>

---

Auto-detection: OpenAPI schema, hey-api, openapi-ts, generated React Query hooks, query options, getFeaturesOptions, useQuery, useMutation, QueryClient, QueryClientProvider, staleTime, gcTime, queryKey

When to use:

• Generating type-safe API client from OpenAPI specs with hey-api
• Using generated React Query query options in components
• Configuring QueryClient defaults, error handling, retry policies
• Debouncing queries, handling dependent/conditional fetching

When NOT to use:

• No OpenAPI spec available (consider writing one or using tRPC)
• GraphQL API (use a GraphQL client)
• Real-time WebSocket APIs (use a WebSocket solution)
• Simple one-off fetches where React Query overhead isn't justified

---

Philosophy

OpenAPI-first development ensures a single source of truth for your API contract. The hey-api code generator (@hey-api/openapi-ts) transforms your OpenAPI schema into fully typed client code, React Query hooks, and query options -- eliminating manual type definitions and reducing bugs.

Core Principles:

1. Single source of truth -- OpenAPI schema drives types, client code, and mocks
2. Zero manual typing -- Generated code eliminates type drift
3. Consistent patterns -- All API calls use generated query options, never custom hooks
4. Centralized configuration -- One place to configure client behavior

---

Core Patterns

Pattern 1: hey-api Code Generation

Configure @hey-api/openapi-ts to generate TypeScript client code and React Query hooks from your OpenAPI spec. Since v0.73.0, client packages are bundled -- no separate installation needed.

// openapi-ts.config.ts
import { defineConfig } from "@hey-api/openapi-ts";

export default defineConfig({
  input: "./openapi.yaml",
  output: "src/api-client",
  plugins: [
    "@hey-api/typescript",
    "@hey-api/sdk",
    "@tanstack/react-query",
    // "@hey-api/client-fetch" -- optional, Fetch is the default client since v0.73
  ],
});

Key points: @hey-api/typescript generates types (renamed from @hey-api/types), @hey-api/sdk generates service functions (renamed from @hey-api/services). Fetch client is bundled by default since v0.73 -- only add @hey-api/client-fetch explicitly to customize its options. Run generation via npx openapi-ts or add as a build script.

See examples/core.md Pattern 1 for generated output structure and usage.

---

Pattern 2: Client Configuration

Configure the API client base URL and QueryClient defaults once in a provider component. Use environment variables for the base URL so it works across environments without code changes.

const FIVE_MINUTES_MS = 5 * 60 * 1000;

// In your provider component:
const [queryClient] = useState(
  () =>
    new QueryClient({
      defaultOptions: {
        queries: { staleTime: FIVE_MINUTES_MS, refetchOnWindowFocus: false },
      },
    }),
);

client.setConfig({ baseUrl: process.env.API_BASE_URL ?? "" });

Key points: hey-api's client.setConfig() merges with existing config (doesn't replace). Named constants for all time values. Set auth option or use interceptors for auth headers.

See examples/core.md Pattern 2 for full provider setup and auth configuration.

---

Pattern 3: Using Generated Query Options

Use generated query options directly -- never write custom React Query hooks. Options are fully typed and include generated query keys.

import { useQuery } from "@tanstack/react-query";
import { getFeaturesOptions } from "./api-client/@tanstack/react-query.gen";

// Direct usage -- fully typed
const { data, isPending, error } = useQuery(getFeaturesOptions());

// With overrides -- spread and customize
const TEN_MINUTES_MS = 10 * 60 * 1000;
const { data } = useQuery({
  ...getFeaturesOptions(),
  staleTime: TEN_MINUTES_MS,
  enabled: someCondition,
});

Why good: Zero boilerplate, type-safe, consistent patterns, query keys auto-namespaced, easy to customize by spreading

See examples/core.md Pattern 3 for component examples and bad patterns to avoid.

---

Pattern 4: Error Handling

React Query v5 removed onError/onSuccess/onSettled callbacks from useQuery. Use component-level isPending/error states, useEffect for error side effects, or global handlers via QueryCache/MutationCache.

// Global error handling (v5 pattern)
new QueryClient({
  queryCache: new QueryCache({
    onError: (error, query) => {
      if (query.state.data !== undefined) {
        showNotification(`Something went wrong: ${error.message}`);
      }
    },
  }),
  mutationCache: new MutationCache({
    onError: (error) => {
      showNotification("Operation failed. Please try again.");
    },
  }),
});

See examples/error-handling.md for component-level handling, retry with exponential backoff, and error boundaries.

---

Pattern 5: Debounced Queries

Debounce search/filter queries to prevent excessive API calls on every keystroke.

const DEBOUNCE_DELAY_MS = 500;
const MIN_SEARCH_LENGTH = 0;

const debouncedTerm = useDebounce(searchTerm, DEBOUNCE_DELAY_MS);
const { data } = useQuery({
  queryKey: ["search", debouncedTerm],
  queryFn: () => searchAPI(debouncedTerm),
  enabled: debouncedTerm.length > MIN_SEARCH_LENGTH,
});

Why good: Prevents excessive API calls, query key includes debounced term for proper cache management, enabled prevents empty queries

---

Detailed Resources:

• examples/core.md - Code generation, client setup, auth, query options usage
• examples/error-handling.md - Error boundaries, retry logic, global handlers
• reference.md - Decision frameworks, anti-patterns, React Query v5 changes

---

<red_flags>

RED FLAGS

High Priority Issues:

• Writing custom React Query hooks instead of using generated query options -- creates inconsistent patterns and loses type safety
• Manual TypeScript interfaces for API responses -- drift from OpenAPI schema causes runtime errors
• Magic numbers for timeouts/retries -- use named constants (FIVE_MINUTES_MS, MAX_RETRY_ATTEMPTS)
• Hardcoded API URLs -- use environment variables for multi-environment deploys
• Using onError/onSuccess callbacks on useQuery -- removed in React Query v5

Medium Priority Issues:

• Mutating global client config inside query functions -- causes race conditions in concurrent requests
• Missing error boundaries -- unhandled query errors crash entire component tree
• retry: true in development with mocks -- should be false to fail fast
• Not cleaning up AbortController timeouts -- memory leak

Gotchas & Edge Cases:

• cacheTime was renamed to gcTime in v5 (garbage collection time)
• isLoading was renamed to isPending in v5
• keepPreviousData replaced with placeholderData: (prev) => prev
• useInfiniteQuery now requires initialPageParam option
• Server-side retry defaults to 0 in v5 (was 3 in v4)
• client.setConfig() merges with existing config, doesn't replace it
• Generated query keys are immutable tuples (safe for React Query key equality)
• Fetch timeout is different from React Query's staleTime/gcTime
• Generated types change when OpenAPI schema changes -- commit generated files to catch breaking changes in review
• React Query v5 requires React 18.0+

</red_flags>

---

<critical_reminders>

CRITICAL REMINDERS

All code must follow project conventions in CLAUDE.md

(You MUST use generated query options from hey-api -- NEVER write custom React Query hooks)

(You MUST regenerate client code when OpenAPI schema changes)

(You MUST use named constants for ALL timeout/retry values -- NO magic numbers)

(You MUST configure API client base URL via environment variables)

Failure to follow these rules will cause type drift, inconsistent patterns, and production bugs.

</critical_reminders>